Esikhathini esilandela uphethiloli wezimoto, izinkinga zesimo sezulu ziya ngokushuba, futhi izixazululo zezinkinga zesimo sezulu kube yizinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ohlwini lwezinto okufanele zenziwe kohulumeni. Kuyisivumelwano somhlaba wonke ukuthi ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa isimo sezulu. Ukwandisa ukwamukelwa kwama-EV, kunesihloko esisodwa esingasoze sagwenywa - ukushaja imoto kagesi. Ngokwenhlolovo eminingi yemakethe yabathengi, abathengi bezimoto babeka ukungathembeki kokushaja njengesithiyo sesithathu esikhulu ekuthengeni ama-EV. Yonke inqubo yokushajwa kwe-EV ibandakanya ukuqina kwegridi okuhlinzekwa nengqalasizinda kagesi nokwakhiwa kweziteshi zokushaja ezihlangabezana nesidingo semakethe. Okuzixhuma kulezi zimoto zikagesi ezithokozisayo izintambo zokushaja ze-EV. Ukuze uvule imakethe enkulu yokuthengisa izimoto zikagesi, izintambo zokushaja ze-EV, njengengxenye ebalulekile, zingase zibhekane noma zizobhekana nezinselele ezilandelayo.
1.Khuphula Isivinini sokushaja ngokunengqondo
Izimoto ze-ICE esesizijwayele ngokuvamile zithatha imizuzu embalwa nje ukuthi zigcwale, futhi ngokuvamile asikho isidingo sokuma ulayini. Ngakho-ke ekuboneni komphakathi, ukufaka i-refueling kuyinto esheshayo. Njengenkanyezi entsha, ama-EV ngokuvamile adinga ukushajwa amahora ambalwa noma ubusuku bonke. Nakuba kunamashaja amaningi asheshayo manje, kuthatha okungenani isigamu sehora. Lo mehluko oqinile “esikhathini sokugcwalisa amafutha” wenza isivinini sokushaja sibe yisici esibalulekile esivimbela ukuduma kwama-EV.
Ngaphezu kwamandla anikezwa ishaja, izici ezithinta isivinini sokushaja kwe-EV nazo zidinga ukucabangela umthamo webhethri namandla okwamukela imoto ngokwayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - umthamo wokudlulisela wekhebula lokushaja.
Ngenxa yemikhawulo yokuhlela isikhala eziteshini zokushaja, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimbobo zokushaja zezimoto zikagesi ezisezindaweni ezihlukene zingaxhumeka kalula ezikhumulweni zokushaja zamashaja, izintambo zokushaja zizoba nobude obufanele, ukuze abanikazi bezimoto bazisebenzise kalula. . Isizathu sokuthi kungani sithi "ubude obufanele" kungenxa yokuthi ngenkathi siqinisekisa ukufinyeleleka kwesixhumi sokushaja, kungase kusho futhi ukwanda kokumelana nekhebula nokulahlekelwa kokudlulisela kwamanje. Ngakho-ke kufanele kube nokulinganisela okufanele phakathi kwalezi zintshisekelo ezimbili.
Ukumelana ngesikhathi sokushaja kuvela ekuphikiseni komqhubi kanye nokumelana nokuxhumana kwekhebula nezikhonkwane. Ubuchwepheshe bamanje bokuxhuma ikhebula nezikhonkwane ngokuvamile busebenzisa indlela yokugoqa, kodwa le ndlela izoholela ekumelaneni okuphezulu nokulahlekelwa amandla aphezulu. Uma kubhekwa isidingo esikhulu sokukhipha amandla kwamanje ekushajweni kwe-DC, ikhebula lokushaja le-DC yesizukulwane esisha se-Workersbee lisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokushisela be-ultrasonic ukusondeza ukumelana nokuxhumana ku-zero futhi ivumele umbane omkhulu ukuthi udlule. Ukusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokufakwa kukagesi kudonse ukunaka nokubonisana kwabakhiqizi abaningi bemishini yokushaja abaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele.
2.Sombulula Ngokuphumelelayo Izinkinga Zokunyuka Kwezinga Lokushisa
Phakathi nenqubo yokushaja, kunokuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lekhebula lokushaja kanye nesivinini sokushaja. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudluliswa kwamanje kudala ukushisa. Njengoba ukwanda kwamanje, ukushisa kuyanda, okubangela ukumelana nokwanda. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba izinga lokushisa le-conductor likhula, ukumelana kuyanda, okubangela ukuthi okwamanje kunciphise.
Izinga lokushisa elikhuphukayo lamakhebuli nezixhumi nakho kubangela izingozi ezithile zokuphepha, njengoba amazinga okushisa aphezulu angase abangele ukungasebenzi kahle noma ngisho nokwehluleka kwezingxenye, noma kungase kubangele umlilo. Ngakho-ke, amashaja ngokuvamile anezilungiselelo zokuphepha zokuvikela izinga lokushisa elidlulele kanye nokuvikela kwamanje. Isignali yezinga lokushisa idluliselwa kakhulu esikhungweni sokulawula ishaja ngendawo yokuqapha izinga lokushisa kwempahla, njengamanye ama-thermistors, ukwenza impendulo mayelana nokunciphisa amandla amanje noma okuvikela.
Ngale kokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela sokulawula izinga lokushisa ledivayisi, ukuchithwa kokushisa okufika ngesikhathi kwezintambo zokushaja kuyisixazululo esiyinhloko sokuxazulula ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa. Imvamisa ihlukaniswe yaba izixazululo ezimbili: ukupholisa kwemvelo nokupholisa uketshezi. Okwakuqala kuncike kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwepayipi lomoya okokusebenza ukuze kwandiswe indawo enqamula izingxenye zezintambo futhi kwakhiwe ukuguquguquka komoya okuqinile ukuze kuzuzwe ukushabalaliswa kokushisa kwemvelo. Lokhu kwakamuva kuncike kakhulu endaweni epholile ukuze kuqhube futhi kushintshisane ngokushisa ukuze kuzuzwe ukuchithwa kokushisa, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokushintshisana kokushisa kukhulu kakhulu kunokupholisa kwemvelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuchwepheshe bokupholisa uketshezi budinga indawo encane ephambanayo yezintambo, okuvumela ukuklanywa kwezintambo zokushaja ukuthi zibe mncane futhi zibelula.
3.Thuthukisa isipiliyoni somsebenzisi
Izwi lokugcina ezilinganisweni zezintambo zokushaja kufanele zishiywe kubasebenzisi, okuhlanganisa abanikazi be-EV kanye nama-opharetha wenethiwekhi ashajayo. Akulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi akukhathazeki ukuyinakekela. Uma ukudumisa okuphezulu kangaka kufinyelelwa, ngikholwa ukuthi kuzosenza siqiniseke ngokwengeziwe ngekusasa lezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi.
I-lightweight eyengeziwe:Ikakhulukazi izinqwaba zokushaja ze-DC ezinamandla amakhulu, ububanzi bangaphandle bekhebula bungaba buncane kuyilapho kuqinisekisa ukushaja kokushisa. Yenza ikhebuli ibe lula kakhulu, nakubantu abanamandla abuthaka kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Ukuvumelana nezimo okunethezekile:Intambo ethambile kulula ukugoba futhi izizwa ikhululeke kakhudlwana ukuyibamba. Kwenza nokusebenza kwekhebula kugqame kakhulu futhi nokufaka kube lula. Izintambo zokushaja ze-Workersbee zenziwe nge-TPE yekhwalithi ephezulu ne-TPU ekwazi ukugoba okuhle kodwa ukumelana nokunyakaza, ukunwebeka okuhle kakhulu namandla, akulula ukuwohloka, kanye nokugcinwa okungenazinkinga.
Ukuqina okuqinile kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu:Cabangela izinto ezingavuthiwe nesakhiwo sesakhiwo ukuze ugweme ukuqhekeka kwe-sheath ngenxa ye-UV nokukhathala kokushisa ngezikhathi ezishisayo. Futhi, ngeke lukhuni noma ilahlekelwe ukuguquguquka ebusika obubandayo, futhi asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka mayelana nesimo sezulu esilimaza ikhebula.
Nikeza ngokhiye wokulwa nobugebengu:Vimbela imoto ekukhipheni kungazelelwe ikhebuli yokushaja ngomunye umuntu phakathi nenqubo yokushaja, kuphazamise ukushaja.
4.Hlangana Namazinga Okuqinisekisa Aqinile
Embonini yokushaja izimoto zikagesi, esathuthuka, izindinganiso zokunikeza izitifiketi ziwumkhawulo onzima wokuthi imikhiqizo ingene emakethe. Izintambo zokushaja eziqinisekisiwe ziyagadwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iqoqo ngalinye lihlangabezana namazinga, ukuze zithembeke kakhulu, ziphephe, futhi zithembeke. Izintambo zokushaja azisetshenziselwa ukunikeza amandla kuma-EV kuphela kodwa futhi nokuxhumana, ngakho ukuphepha kwawo kubalulekile.
Ezimakethe zaseYurophu nezaseMelika, izitifiketi ezijwayelekile zifaka i-UKCA, CE, UL, kanye ne-TUV. Imithetho nezidingo zokuphepha kumele zisetshenziswe emakethe yendawo, kanti ezinye ziyizidingo eziyisibopho zokuthola uxhaso. Ukuze uphumelele lezi zitifiketi, ngokuvamile kufanele idlule ezivivinyweni eziningi ezinzima, ezinjengokuhlolwa kwengcindezi, ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kukagesi, ukuhlolwa kokucwiliswa emanzini, njll.
5.Ithrendi Yesikhathi esizayo: Ukushaja okusheshayo kwamandla aphezulu
Njengoba umthamo webhethri lama-EVs ukhula, isivinini sokushaja esidinga ukushajwa ebusuku asanele kubantu abaningi. Ukuthola kanjani ukushaja okusheshayo okuphephile futhi okulula kakhudlwana wudaba okufanele imboni yonke yokufakwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha ilucubungule. Ngenxa yokushintshaniswa kokushisa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bokupholisa uketshezi, amandla aphezulu amanje angafinyelela ku-350 ~ 500kw. Nokho, siyazi ukuthi lokhu akusona isiphetho,futhi sithemba ukuthi ukushaja i-EV kungashesha njengokugcwalisa imoto ye-ICE. Uma kusetshenziswa amandla okushaja aphezulu, ukushaja okupholisa uketshezi kungase kufinyelele emgodleni. Ngaleso sikhathi, kungase kudingeke sizame izixazululo ezengeziwe eziphumelelayo. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamise ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bezinto ezishintshayo bungaba yisixazululo esisha, kodwa kungathatha isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi bungene emakethe.
6.Ithrendi Yekusasa: V2X
I-V2X isho i-inthanethi Yezimoto, esho izixhumanisi zokuxhumana nomthelela osungulwe izimoto nezinye izinsiza. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-V2X kungasisiza ukuphatha kangcono amandla nokuphepha kwezokuthutha. Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi i-V2G (igridi), i-V2H (ikhaya)/B (isakhiwo), i-V2M (microgrid), ne-V2L (umthwalo).
Ukuze uthole i-V2X, izintambo zokushaja ezinezindlela ezimbili zidinga ukusetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukudluliswa kwamandla okusebenzayo. Lokhu kuzoshintsha ukuqonda kwethu izimoto zikagesi, kunikeze amandla imithwalo evumelana nezimo, ukufinyelela emandleni avumelana nezimo kakhudlwana, futhi kwandise isitoreji samandla kugridi. Ukudluliswa kwamandla nedatha kusuka noma kuya emotweni ngendlela exhumene noma enikwe amandla.
7.Ithrendi Yekusasa: Ukushaja Okungenantambo
Njengokushaja kwanamuhla kweselula, ukushaja okungenantambo okukhulu kungase kusetshenziswe ekushajweni kwemoto kagesi esikhathini esizayo. Lobu ubuchwepheshe obushintshashintshayo kanye nenselelo enkulu yokushaja izintambo.
Amandla adluliswa ngesikhala somoya, namakhoyili kazibuthe ngaphakathi eshajani nalawo angaphakathi emotweni ashaja ngokuguquguqukayo. Ngeke kusaba khona ukukhathazeka kwemayela, futhi ukushaja kuzokwenzeka noma nini lapho imoto kagesi ishayela emgwaqeni. Ngaleso sikhathi, cishe sizovalelisa izintambo zokushaja. Kodwa-ke, lobu buchwepheshe budinga ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda ephezulu kakhulu, futhi kufanele kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuthi kwaziswe kabanzi.
Izintambo zokushaja zidinga ukudlulisa idatha ngempumelelo ukuze ama-EV kanye nenethiwekhi yokushaja akwazi ukusungula uxhumano oluthembekile, kuyilapho ekwazi ukunikeza amandla amanje ashajayo futhi akwazi ukumelana nezici zemvelo zangaphandle njengezinga lokushisa elingase lithinte ukusebenza kokushaja. Iminyaka ye-Workersbee yocwaningo nentuthuko emkhakheni wokushaja izintambo isinikeze ukuqonda okuthuthukile nezisombululo ezihlukahlukene. Uma ungathanda ukwazi okwengeziwe, sicela usazise.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-28-2023