Abanini bezimoto eziningi zikagesi bahlupheka kakhulu lapho bebhekene nesimo sezulu esibandayo, esiphinde sinciphise abathengi abaningi abangabaza ukuyeka izimoto zikaphethiloli ukukhetha izimoto zikagesi.
Yize sonke siyavuma ukuthi ngesikhathi esibandayo, izimoto zikaphethiloli zizoba nemiphumela efanayo - ukuncipha kobubanzi, ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, kanye nezikhathi ezinde zokushisa kungadala ukuthi imoto yehluleke ukuqala. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo ende yamabanga amade wezimoto zikaphethiloli iwela le miphumela emibi ngezinga elithile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nenjini yemoto kaphethiloli, ekhiqiza inani elikhulu lokushisa imfucuza ukufudumeza ikhabethe, ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kagesi yemoto kagesi ikhiqiza cishe kungabikho ukushisa kukagesi. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinga lokushisa elizwakalayo liphansi, lokhu kwalokhu kudinga ukusebenzisa amandla angezekile ukukushisa ukushayela okunethezekile. Lokhu kusho futhi ukulahleka okwengeziwe kwebanga le-EV.
Siyakhathazeka ngenxa yalokho okungaziwa. Uma sinolwazi olwanele ngezimoto zikagesi futhi siqonde ukuthi singaxhaphaza kanjani amandla abo futhi sigweme ubuthakathaka babo ukuze basithole kangcono, ngakho-ke akudingeki siphinde sikhathazeke. Singakuthola ngenkuthalo ngenkuthalo.
Manje, ake sixoxe ngokuthi isimo sezulu esibandayo sithinta kanjaniUkuqhelelanana-Ukushajakwe-EVS, futhi yiziphi izindlela eziphumelelayo esingazisebenzisa ukwenza buthaka le miphumela.
Ukuqonda okungasebenziseka
Sizamile ukuza nezixazululo ezithile ngokombono womhlinzeki wemishini yokushaja enganciphisa umthelela omubi wesimo sezulu esibandayo.
- Okokuqala, ungavumeli izinga lebhethri likagesi liwele ngaphansi kwama-20%;
- Phatha ibhethri ngokushisa ngaphambi kokushaja, sebenzisa ukufudumala kwesihlalo kanye nokushisa kwamasondo, kanye nokushisa okuphansi kwekhabethe ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla;
- Zama ukukhokhisa ngesikhathi sokufudumala kosuku;
- Okungcono ukushaja egalaji elifudumele, elivalekile ngokushaja okuphezulu okusethwe kuma-70% -80%;
- Sebenzisa indawo yokupaka i-plug-in ukuze imoto idonse amandla kusuka kwishaja yokushisa esikhundleni sokudla ibhethri;
- Shayela ngokuqapha okwengeziwe emigwaqweni ebabayo, njengoba kungadingeka ukubopha kaningi. Cabanga ukukhubaza ukubopha kabusha, ngokuqinisekile, lokhu kuya ngemoto ethile nezimo zokushayela;
- Shaja ngokushesha ngemuva kokupaka ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokuhlasela kwebhethri.
Ezinye izinto ukwazi kusengaphambili
Amaphakethe webhethri le-EV ahlinzeka amandla ngokuphendula kwamakhemikhali. Umsebenzi walolu mbono we-electrochemical, ovela ku-electrode / electrolyte interface ehlukile ehlobene nokushisa.
Ukuphendula kwamakhemikhali kuhamba ngokushesha ezindaweni ezifudumele. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi landisa i-viscosity ye-electrolyte, libambezela ukusabela ebhethri, lenyusa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri, futhi yenza ukudluliswa kwecala kube kancane. Ukusabela kwe-electrochemical polarization kuyaqina, ukusatshalaliswa kwecala kungalingani ngokwengeziwe, futhi ukwakheka kwama-lithium dendrites kuyakhushulwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amandla asebenzayo webhethri azoncishiswa, okusho ukuthi uhla luzoncishiswa. Amazinga okushisa aphansi nawo anomthelela ezimotweni zikagesi, kepha izimoto zikagesi zisobala.
Noma kwaziwa ukuthi amazinga okushisa aphansi abangela ukulahleka ohlwini lwe-EVS oluhamba phambili, kukhona umehluko phakathi kwezimoto ezihlukile. Ngokusho kwezibalo zenhlolovo yemakethe, ukugcinwa kwebhethri kwebhethri kuzokwehla ngo-10% kuya ku-40% ngokwesilinganiso kumazinga okushisa aphansi. Kuya ngemodeli yemoto, ukuthi isimo sezulu sibanda kangakanani, uhlelo lokushisa, nezici ezinjengokushayela nokushaja imikhuba.
Lapho izinga lokushisa lebhethri le-EV liphansi kakhulu, alikwazi ukukhokhiswa ngempumelelo. Izimoto zikagesi zizoqala ukusebenzisa amandla okufaka ukushisa ibhethri futhi aqale ukushaja kwangempela uma kufinyelela izinga lokushisa elithile.
Kwabanikazi be-EV, isimo sezulu esibandayo sisho ibanga eliphansi kanye nesikhathi eside sokushaja. Ngakho-ke, abanolwazi bavame ukukhokhisa ubusuku ngesikhathi esibandayo bese beqala imoto ngaphambi kokuqala.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuphathwa kwe-Thermal kwe-EVS
Ubuchwepheshe bokuphathwa kwe-Thermal kwezimoto zikagesi bubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwebhethri, ibanga, kanye nesipiliyoni sokushayela.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuphatha amazinga okushisa ebhethri ukuze ibhethri lingasebenza noma likhokhise ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokushisa obufanele futhi balondoloze izimo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza. Qinisekisa ukusebenza kwebhethri, impilo, nokuphepha, futhi kunwebe ngempumelelo uhla lwezimoto zikagesi ebusika noma ehlobo.
Okwesibili, ukuthuthukisa okuhlangenwe nakho kokushayela, ukuphathwa okusebenzayo kwe-thermal kuzohlinzeka abashayeli ngokushisa okuthe xaxa kwamakhabethe amancane kumahlobo ashisayo kanye nobusika obubandayo, kanye nokwenza ngcono amandla amandla.
Ngokwabiwa okusebenzayo kohlelo lokuphathwa kwe-Thermal, izidingo zokushisa kanye nokupholisa kwesifunda ngasinye zilinganisela, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Ubuchwepheshe Bamanje Be-Thermal Thermal Ukuphathwa kobuchwepheshe buhlanganisaUhlobo lwenhlanzi(I-coeffleefntly enhle yokushisa) ethembele ekumelaneni kukagesiH-dlaPUMPUbuchwepheshe obusebenzisa imijikelezo ye-thermodynamic. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zibuchwepheshe kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza, ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, nokuhlangenwe nakho kokushayela.
Isimo sezulu esibandayo sithinta kanjani ububanzi be-ev
Okwamanje, wonke umuntu unokuvumela ukuthi isimo sezulu esibandayo sizonciphisa uhla lwezimoto zikagesi.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokulahlekelwa ebangeni le-EV. EyodwaUkulahleka kwengxenye yesikhashana, okuwukulahleka kwesikhashana okubangelwa yizinto ezifana nokushisa, indawo, kanye nengcindezi yesondo. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifudumala emuva kokushisa okulungile, imayela elahlekile izobuya.
EnyeUkulahleka okungapheli. Iminyaka Yezimoto (Impilo yebhethri), imikhuba yansuku zonke yokushaja, kanye nokuziphatha kwansuku zonke kuzodala ukulahleka kwezimoto, futhi kungenzeka kungabuyiseli.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isimo sezulu esibandayo sizonciphisa ukusebenza kwamabhethri e-ev. Ngeke nje kunciphise umsebenzi wokuphendula kwamakhemikhali ebhethri futhi kunciphise ukugcinwa kwebhethri kodwa futhi kunciphise ukushaja kanye nokusebenza kahle kwebhethri. Ukuqina kwebhethri kwandisiwe namandla ayo okuvuselela amandla kuyancipha.
Ngokungafani nezimoto zikaphethiloli, izimoto zikagesi kufanele ziqede amandla abo ebhethri futhi zikhiqize ukushisa ukuze zifudumale ikhabethe bese zishisa ibhethri, elikhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngemayela futhi kunciphise ibanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukulahleka kungokwesikhashana, ungakhathazeki kakhulu, ngoba kuzobuya.
I-polarization yebhethri eshiwo ngenhla izodala ukuhanjiswa kwe-lithium ku-electrode ngisho nokwakheka kwama-lithium dendrites, okuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwebhethri, ukuncishiswa komthamo webhethri, kanye nezinkinga zokuphepha. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukulahlekelwa kungunaphakade.
Noma ngabe kungokwesikhashana noma unomphela, ngokuqinisekile sifuna ukunciphisa umonakalo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ama-automoker asebenza kanzima ukuze aphendule ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Setha uhlelo lwebhethri lokushisa ngaphambi kokuqala noma ukushaja
- Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla
- Lungiselela uhlelo lokushisa ikhabethe
- Lungiselela uhlelo lokuphathwa kwebhethri lwemoto
- Ukuqondisa ukuklanywa kwebhodi yemoto ngokumelana okuncane
Isimo sezulu esibandayo sithinta kanjani ukushaja
Njengoba nje izinga lokushisa elifanele liyadingeka ukuguqula ukuphuma kwebhethri kube amandla e-kinetic wemoto, ukushaja okusebenzayo kudinga ukuba phakathi kobubanzi bokushisa obufanele.
Amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu azokwandisa ukumelana kwebhethri, kukhawulele isivinini sokushaja, kuthinta ukusebenza kwebhethri, kunciphise ukusebenza kwebhethri, futhi kubangele isikhathi eside ukushaja.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphansi, ukuqapha ibhethri nemisebenzi yokulawula ye-BMS ingahle ibe namaphutha noma yehluleke, kunciphise ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle.
Amabhethri okushisa aphansi angakwazi ukukhokhiswa ekuqaleni, okudinga ukufudumeza amabhethri abheke emazingeni okushisa afanele ngaphambi kokushaja kuqala, okunye ukwengeza esikhathini sokushaja.
Futhi, amashaja amaningi nawo anokulinganiselwa kwesimo sezulu esibandayo futhi akwazi ukuhlinzeka ngamanje namandla anele okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokushaja. Izici zazo zangaphakathi ze-elekthronikhi nazo zinezidingo zokushisa ezisebenza kakhulu. Amazinga okushisa aphansi anganciphisa ukuqina nokusebenza, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi.
Izintambo zokushaja nazo zibonakala zithintwe kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ikakhulukazi amakhekhe weshaja. Zikhulu futhi zisindayo, futhi ukubanda kungabenza bahluthuke futhi baqine kancane benza ukuba nzima kakhulu abashayeli be-EV basebenze.
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi izimo eziningi zokuphila azikwazi ukuxhasa ukufakwa kweshaja yangasese yangasese, ishaja ye-Workerbee ephathekayo e-EV Ishaja ye-Flex 2kungaba ukukhetha okuhle.
Kungaba ishaja yokuhamba esiqwini kodwa futhi ube yishaja yasekhaya yangasese yabanikazi bezimoto zikagesi. Inomzimba onesitayela futhi oqinile, ukusebenza kalula kukagesi ukushaja, nezintambo ezisezingeni eliphakeme eziphakeme, ezinganikeza ukushaja okuhle kuze kufike ku-7kw. Ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwamanzi nokusebenza okungafanele kufinyelela ezingeni lokuvikelwa kwe-IP67, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokusebenza kokuphepha nokwethembeka ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle.
Uma siqiniseka ukuthi inguquko yemoto kagesi ilungile ngekusasa lemvelo, isimo sezulu, amandla, kanye nenhlala-kahle yabantu, futhi sizuzisa esizukulwaneni esilandelayo, kufanele sazi ukuthi sizobhekana nalezi zinselelo zesimo sezulu esibandayo, kufanele asikhokhi amandla okulisebenzisa.
Isimo sezulu esibandayo sibeka izinselelo ezinkulu ebangeni, ukushaja, kanye nokungena kwezimoto kwezimoto zikagesi. Kepha abasebenzi babheke phambili ekusebenzeni nalo lonke amaphayona ukudingida okusha kobuchwepheshe bokuphathwa kwe-thermal, ukuchuma kwendawo yokushaja, kanye nenqubekela phambili yezisombululo ezahlukahlukene ezinokwenzeka. Sikholwa ukuthi izinselelo zizonqotshwa futhi umgwaqo ozosebenza ngogesi uzoba bushelelezi futhi ubanzi.
Siyahlonishwa ngokuxoxa nokwabelana nge-EV Ukuqonda nabo bonke abalingani bethu namaphayona!
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-29-2024