Kusukela kwasungulwa imigomo yesimo sezulu okuvunyelwene ngayo emhlabeni wonke, ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi kuye kwaqhutshwa izinqubomgomo eziqinile emazweni ahlukahlukene njengephuzu elibalulekile lokufeza izinhloso. Amasondo aya phambili. Ngaphansi kwezinhloso zomhlaba ezishibhile zokususa ikhabhoni, ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi manje sekushintshele ngempumelelo ekushayeleni okukabili kwenqubomgomo-plus-market. Kodwa njengoba sazi, ingxenye yemakethe yamanje yezimoto zikagesi isekude ngokwanele ukusekela lokhu okuhle okuhle.
Ngokungangabazeki, kunenani elikhulu labanikazi bezimoto zikaphethiloli abathanda kakhulu ama-EV okuyinqubomgomo evunayo futhi ayilungele imvelo. Nokho, kusekhona “isikole esidala” esithembekile ezimotweni zikaphethiloli futhi abangenalo ithemba ngentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yezimoto zikagesi. Impendulo eyinhloko edala ukuthi eyokuqala ingabaze bese eyakamuva yenqabe ukushajwa kwama-EV. Isithiyo sokuqala ekuthathweni kwe-EV siyashaja. Futhi lokhu kwaholela esihlokweni esishisayo esithi “ukukhathazeka kwemayela“.
Njengomkhiqizi owaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele wemikhiqizo yokushaja izimoto zikagesi,Workersbeeuzibophezele ekuthuthukiseni nasekuthengiseni imikhiqizo kuhlanganiseIzixhumi ze-EV, Izintambo ze-EV, Amashaja e-EV aphathwayo neminye imikhiqizo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-16. Sibheke ngabomvu ukuxoxa ngomthelela wesipiliyoni sokushaja ekuthathweni kwemoto kagesi nozakwethu bemboni.
Izimoto zikagesi noma izimoto zikaphethiloli, lowo ngumbuzo
Abathengi banethemba elikhulu ngebanga elingatholwa yizimoto zikaphethiloli ngoba sebejwayele ukugcwalisa. Kodwa ukufaka uphethiloli emotweni yemoto kungenzeka kuphela eziteshini zikaphethiloli, okuyizindawo ezizinikele lapho uphethiloli utholakala khona. Ngenxa yokuthi amagalaji kaphethiloli adinga amathangi amakhulu okugcina uphethiloli angaphansi komhlaba, kunengozi yokuvutha nokuqhuma. Ngenxa yezici ezifana nokuphepha nendawo, ukukhetha indawo kuqinile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlela kanye nokuklama kwezakhiwo zamagalaji kaphethiloli ngokuvamile kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kunezici eziningi ezikhawulelayo.
Izinkinga zesimo sezulu ezibangelwa ukungcoliswa kwesisi esiphuma ezimotweni zikaphethiloli ziya ziba zimbi, ngakho izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezingawulungele imvelo ziwumkhuba ojwayelekile. Ngokombono, abathengi bangashaja ama-EV abo noma kuphi lapho bengapaka futhi babe namandla afanelekile. Eqinisweni, isilinganiso sama-EV namashaja omphakathi singcono kunesilinganiso sezimoto zikaphethiloli namaphampu egesi. Ngenxa yokuthi ukushaja kwe-EV akunayo isayithi esezingeni elifana negalaji likaphethiloli, ihlukaniswe kakhulu futhi imahhala.
Mayelana nezindleko zemali, ukuphumelela kwezindleko zikagesi uma kuqhathaniswa nophethiloli kuyabonakala uma ugesi usetshenziswa ngobuhlakani. Mayelana nezindleko zesikhathi, ukushaja kwe-EV kungenziwa ngisho ngaphandle kokuba khona komshayeli we-EV, ukushaja i-EV yinto nje abayenza ngendlela ngenkathi benza ezinye izinto.
Ngokombono osebenza kahle, ukufaka uphethiloli emotweni kaphethiloli kungafinyelela ibanga elide ngesikhathi esifushane. Kodwa ama-EV, anezilinganiso zokushaja ezihluke kakhulu ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamashaja -amashaja ahamba kancane e-AC ekhaya namashaja e-DC asheshayo esidlangalaleni. Ukukhathazeka kwangempela “kubantu abamanqikanqika” ukuthi amashaja e-EV avame ukuba nzima ukuwathola, noma ngamanye amazwi, kuvame ukuba nzima ukuthola ishaja ethembekile ngesikhathi lapho eshoda ngamandla.
Uma singaqinisekisa abathengi ukuthi ukushaja akulula, ukwamukelwa kwe-EV kuzosheshisa.
Umuzwa wokushaja ekuthathweni kwe-EV:Bottleneck nomaCi-atalyst
Imakethe yabathengi igcwele izikhalazo mayelana nesipiliyoni esibi sokushaja kwezimoto zikagesi. Isibonelo, kunzima ukuthola amashaja atholakalayo ngezinye izikhathi, izimbobo zamapulaki azihambelani, izinga lokushaja alihlangabezani nesithembiso esilindelekile, futhi kunezindaba ezingapheli mayelana nokukhungatheka kwabanikazi bezimoto ngenxa yenqwaba yokushaja ephukile enganakekelwa. Ukukhathazeka ngamamayela okubangelwa ukuntuleka kokuphepha kokukwazi ukushaja ngesikhathi esifanele kucindezela izifiso zokuthenga zabathengi.
Kodwa ake sehlise umoya futhi sicabange ngakho - Ukuthi isidingo sabathengi samakhilomitha sithembekile futhi sithembekile? Uma kubhekwa ukuthi uhambo olude lwemigwaqo aluyona into evamile ezimpilweni zabathengi abaningi, amamayela angu-100 anele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zethu zansuku zonke zohambo lokuya emsebenzini. Uma ukuzizwisa ukushaja kungakha ukuzethemba komthengi futhi kwenze abantu babone ukuthi ukushaja okusebenzayo sekuphenduke umoya, lapho-ke mhlawumbe singakwazi ukukhulisa ukuthengiswa kwama-EV ngamabhethri amakhulu amancane, athengekayo.
U-Tesla uchaza kahle ukuthi ukuzizwisa okuhle kokushaja kungadala kanjani ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi. Uma sikhuluma nge-Tesla, uhlobo lwe-BEV oluhlala luphezulu ohlwini lokuthengisa lwama-EV, ngaphandle kokubukeka kwayo kwemfashini nobuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza okuvelele kokushayela, akekho ongaziba inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger kaTesla ekhethekile. I-Tesla inenethiwekhi yokushaja enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, eneSupercharger ekwazi ukwengeza ibanga elingamakhilomitha angama-200 ngemizuzu eyi-15 nje, inzuzo enkulu enayo ngaphezu kwabanye abakhiqizi bezimoto. Ukushaja kwe-Supercharger kulula futhi kuyamangalisa - Vele uyixhume, uyishaje, bese uhamba nohambo. Kungakho manje inokuzethemba ukuzibiza ngezinga lokushaja laseNyakatho Melika.
Ukukhathazeka kwabathengi mayelanaEV ukushaja
Ukukhathazeka kwabathengi ekugcineni kumayelana nebanga kanye nokuthi lingabanikeza yini ukuzethemba okwanele ukuthi bahambe noma nini. Abashayeli bavame ukukhathazeka ngokuthi izimoto zikagesi zizophelelwa ujusi ngaphambi kokuba zifike lapho ziya khona futhi ngeke zikwazi ukushajwa kabusha kusenesikhathi ukuze zandise ibanga. Amashaja athembekile ayashoda kwezinye izindawo. Futhi, ngokungafani nezimoto zikaphethiloli, izinga “lokufakwa kukaphethiloli” kwama-EV liyahlukahluka futhi ngezinye izikhathi liyasilela kulokho okuthenjisiwe. Kwezinye izimo, abashayeli abanaso isikhathi esiningi sokushajwa, futhi ukuthi ishaja enamandla amakhulu, ishaja enesivinini esikhulu iyatholakala yini iphuzu elibalulekile.
Izimo zokushaja ezijwayelekile zihlukaniswa zibe yinqwaba yangasese neyomphakathi.
Amafulethi noma imiphakathi:Ezinye zazo zinezindawo zokupaka ezizimele ezifakwe amashaja ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokushaja zabanikazi bezimoto ezinemodeli yokusebenza elula yamakhadi okuswayipha noma amasevisi ahambisanayo. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nezinkinga ezifana nezindleko eziphezulu zokufakwa, ukuhambisana nezimoto zabahlali, kanye nesilinganiso sesayensi yemoto-to-pile.
Ikhaya:Kungase kube nemikhawulo ethile kanye nokwenqaba ukufaka ishaja endaweni yokuhlala yangasese, futhi ukubonisana kusengaphambili neziphathimandla zikagesi wendawo kuzodingeka.
Amashaja asesidlangalaleni:Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-DC noma i-AC, izinkundla zamashaja omphakathi emakethe azikafinyeleli ukusebenzisana okuhle kakhulu. Abathengi bangadinga ukulanda izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kumafoni abo ukuze basebenze kanzima. Ulwazi lweziteshi ezishajayo mayelana namashaja atholakalayo lunesikhathi futhi alufiki ngesikhathi, okungase kukhungathekise abashayeli abalindele ukuya lapho. Izinqwaba zokushaja zinezinga eliphezulu lokuhluleka futhi azikutholi ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi. Izinsiza ezingezinhle ezizungeze iziteshi zokushaja, zenza inqubo yokulinda ukushaja okuyisicefe kubashayeli. Konke lokhu kukhathazeka kungenza abathengi bazizwe bengathandeki ngezimoto zikagesi.
Okufunwa ngabathengi
Abanikazi be-EV abakhona kanye nabathengi be-EV abangaba khona, bobabili banethemba lokuzizwisa ukushaja okugxile kumsebenzisi ngempela. Amashaja e-EV angase adinge ukufaka okungaphezu nje kwezici ezilandelayo:
- Isondela ku-99.9% isikhathi sokuphumula. Udaba ngokwalo luyinselele impela kodwa lungafinyelelwa ngokulungiswa komsindo.
- Ipulaki & Shaja. Asikho isidingo sokusebenzelana okuyinkimbinkimbi neshaja, vele uxhume futhi uxhume imoto neshaja ukuze uthole ukuxhumana ozokhokhiswa.
- Ukushaja okungenazihibe. Lokhu kudinga isilinganiso esingcono semoto-kuya-inqwaba esinciphisa ukukhathazeka kwemayela.
- Ukusebenzisana okuhle kakhulu.
- Ukuphepha okuthembekile.
- Intengo enengqondo neyamukelekayo. Ezinye izaphulelo kanye nezinzuzo nazo zingangezwa.
- Ukushaja okusheshayo, izindawo zeshaja ezilungele kakhudlwana, nokuthembeka okuphezulu.
- Izinsiza eziphelele nezinethezekile.
Imakethe yokushaja i-EV isabela kanjani esidingweni sabathengi
- Ukushaja kwe-AC:Ilungele ukwenzeka ekhaya, emsebenzini nasezindaweni zomphakathi lapho abanikazi bezimoto bengahlala khona isikhathi eside.
Ezinye izinhlolovo zibonisa ukuthi kubanikazi abaningi be-EV, ngaphezu kuka-90% wokushaja kwenzeka lapho behlala khona. Izinqwaba zokushaja ezizimele zinikeza amandla kagesi ayisisekelo. Ekhaya, abathengi banenketho yokushaja ama-EV abo ngeshaja ebekwe odongeni. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa imali encane, ishaja ye-EV ephathekayo nayo iyisinqumo esihle. I-Workersbee'sAmashaja e-EV aphathwayobesithengisa kahle kakhulu e-Europe nase-United States ngenxa yomsebenzi wethu omuhle kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokushaja, ukuphepha okuthembekile, nolwazi olusebenziseka kalula lokusebenzisana. Siphinde futhi sinikeze i-backplate yokuzikhethela, ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukulungisa ishaja egaraji futhi bashaje ibhethri ngokugcwele ngenkathi belele.
- Ukushaja kwe-DC:I-DCFC enamandla amakhulu yohambo lomgwaqo enezitobhi zesikhashana kuphela, kanye ne-DCFC enamandla aphansi yamahhotela, izitolo ezinkulu, njll. enezitobhi ezifushane kuphela (lezi zindawo ngokuvamile nazo zidinga amashaja e-AC).
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwandisa inombolo kanye nokuminyana okunengqondo kwamashaja. Lolu hlelo alunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-R&D ekushajweni kobuchwepheshe. Ithimba le-R&D le-Workersbee belihamba phambili embonini, lihlala lingena ebuchwephesheni futhi lithuthukisa nezindleko. EyethuIzintambo zokushaja ze-CCS DChlinzeka ngokukhipha kwamanje okuphezulu okuzinzile ngenkathi izinga lokushisa lekhebula elilawula kangcono likhuphuka. Ngokusekelwe eminyakeni engu-16+ yokukhiqiza kanye nolwazi lwe-R&D, ukwakheka okumodulayo nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo sekwenziwe. Ngokuhle kokulawulwa kwezindleko, ikhwalithi nokusebenza komkhiqizo kuqinisekiswa ngokwezinga elikhulu, futhi ithole izitifiketi ezigunyaziwe njenge-CE, UL, TUV, ne-UKCA.
Imakethe yokushaja ye-DC kufanele ihlole izindlela zokusebenza ezengeziwe zezentengiselwano futhi isungule i-ecosystem yesevisi yokushaja esebenziseka kalula ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukuzwa ukukhanga kokushaja okunganaki. Ngenkathi ivuselela ukuzethemba kwabathengi emakethe yezimoto zikagesi, futhi yethula ithrafikhi eyengeziwe eziteshini zokushaja, ikhuthaza ukukhula kwemali engenayo kanye nentuthuko enempilo yomkhakha.
Ngokucabanga kwayo okuthuthukile kwe-R&D, amandla obuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile, kanye nombono obanzi womhlaba wonke, i-workerbee ibheke ngabomvu ukusebenzisana nozakwethu bemboni yokushaja ukuze kwakhe indawo yokushaja efinyelela ukwaneliseka okuphezulu kwabathengi. Yehlisa izinkathazo zokushaja futhi uthuthukise ukuzethemba kwabathengi ezimotweni zikagesi. Ngeke nje kuzuze abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi abakhona kodwa futhi kuzogqugquzela uguquko lokusetshenziswa kwabasebenzisi abangase babe ngabathengi. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi, ekugcineni kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya futhi kunciphise nemithelela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukufeza umgomo womhlaba oyiziro-carbon,Hlala ukhokhisiwe, Hlala uxhumekile!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-14-2023